The problem I kept seeing
Students could speak Polish, but nobody had taught them how to examine it
Students could communicate naturally with their families and understand everyday Polish. Yet when they had to write formally, explain a language choice or work under examination conditions, their confidence changed.
They were often treated either as native speakers who should already know everything or as language beginners who needed to start again. Neither approach reflected their real needs.
The materials rarely helped either. Students were working from textbooks that were never written for this examination, or spending lessons on past examination papers. Neither of those addresses the gaps that growing up in a bicultural environment actually creates.